PHYSICAL SCIENCES

Humbat Jafarov (ID: 5172)
ENG 82B
Written Communication
Dr. Sylvia Y. Schoemaker Rippel
December 2, 2008

Physical Science

According to Wikipedia, physical science is an encompassing term for the branches of natural science and science that study non-living systems, in contrast to the biological sciences. However, the term “physical” creates an unintended, somewhat arbitrary distinction, since many branches of physical science also study biological phenomena. The branches of physical science include astronomy, chemistry, earth science, and physics.
Astronomy is the science of celestial bodies and their interactions in space. Its studies include the following:
Chemistry is the science of matter mainly at the micro-level. Chemistry can be called “the central science” because it connects the other natural sciences, such as astronomy, physics, material science, biology, and geology.
Earth science is the science of the planet Earth, the only known life-bearing planet.
Physics is the “fundamental science” because the other natural sciences (biology, chemistry, geology, etc.) deal with systems that obey the laws of physics. The physical laws of matter, energy, and the forces of nature govern the interactions between particles (such as molecules, atoms, or subatomic particles).

SOCIAL SCIENCES

Humbat Jafarov (ID: 5172)
ENG 82B
Written Communication
Dr. Sylvia Y. Schoemaker Rippel
December 2, 2008

Social Sciences

According to Wikipedia, the social sciences comprise academic disciplines concerned with the study of the social life of human groups and individuals including communication studies, criminology, economics, geography, political science, social studies, and sociology.
Communication studies is an academic field that deals with processes of communication, commonly defined as the sharing of symbols over distances in space and time. Hence, communication studies encompasses a wide range of topics; for instance, the transmission of messages from one point to another through some medium of dissemination--such as face-to-face conversation, television broadcasting, or the reading of records--but also with how institutions like libraries maintain information over time, how audiences interpret information, and the political, cultural, economic, and social dimensions of related topics.
Criminology is the social science approach to the study of crime as an individual and social phenomenon. Criminological research areas include the incidence and forms of crime as well as its causes and consequences. They also include social and governmental regulations and reactions to crime. Criminology is an interdisciplinary field in the behavioral sciences, drawing especially on the research of sociologists and psychologists, as well as on writings in law.
Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
Geography is the study of the Earth and its lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena. A literal translation would be “to describe or write about the Earth”.
Political science is a branch of social sciences that deals with the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behavior. Political science is often described as the study of politics defined as “who gets what, when and how”. Political science has several subfields, including: political theory, public policy, public administration, national politics, and comparative politics.
Social studies is a term used to describe the broad study of the various fields which involve past and current human behavior and interactions. Rather than focus in depth on any one topic, social studies provides a broad overview of human society past and present.
Sociology, by definition is the scientific study of individual behavior in society. Though sociologists study both macro and micro aspects of sociology, neither can be divorced from the other when attempting to understand human behavior in society. Sociology is a branch of social sciences. The study of sociology is an examination of how individuals are influenced by groups. This is achieved using social scientific theories and methods, which may include Qualitative and or Quantitative research techniques.
Humbat Jafarov (ID: 5172)
ENG 82B
Written Communication
Dr. Sylvia Y. Schoemaker Rippel
December 2, 2008

Social Sciences

According to Wikipedia, the social sciences comprise academic disciplines concerned with the study of the social life of human groups and individuals including communication studies, criminology, economics, geography, political science, social studies, and sociology.
Communication studies is an academic field that deals with processes of communication, commonly defined as the sharing of symbols over distances in space and time. Hence, communication studies encompasses a wide range of topics; for instance, the transmission of messages from one point to another through some medium of dissemination--such as face-to-face conversation, television broadcasting, or the reading of records--but also with how institutions like libraries maintain information over time, how audiences interpret information, and the political, cultural, economic, and social dimensions of related topics.
Criminology is the social science approach to the study of crime as an individual and social phenomenon. Criminological research areas include the incidence and forms of crime as well as its causes and consequences. They also include social and governmental regulations and reactions to crime. Criminology is an interdisciplinary field in the behavioral sciences, drawing especially on the research of sociologists and psychologists, as well as on writings in law.
Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
Geography is the study of the Earth and its lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena. A literal translation would be “to describe or write about the Earth”.
Political science is a branch of social sciences that deals with the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behavior. Political science is often described as the study of politics defined as “who gets what, when and how”. Political science has several subfields, including: political theory, public policy, public administration, national politics, and comparative politics.
Social studies is a term used to describe the broad study of the various fields which involve past and current human behavior and interactions. Rather than focus in depth on any one topic, social studies provides a broad overview of human society past and present.
Sociology, by definition is the scientific study of individual behavior in society. Though sociologists study both macro and micro aspects of sociology, neither can be divorced from the other when attempting to understand human behavior in society. Sociology is a branch of social sciences. The study of sociology is an examination of how individuals are influenced by groups. This is achieved using social scientific theories and methods, which may include Qualitative and or Quantitative research techniques.

INTRODUCTION

Humbat Jafarov (ID: 5172)
ENG 82B
Written Communication
Dr. Sylvia Y. Schoemaker Rippel
December 2, 2008
Self Introduction

It is my great pleasure to introduce myself here. I came to the U.S. three months ago from Gance, the second biggest city in Azerbaijan. I had worked as a public prosecutor for three years before coming to Lincoln University.
My first impression of the San Francisco Bay Area was quite good. I knew a lot of nice places including Golden Gate Bridge. Especially I like the view of the bridge from Sausalito side. I found a very nice scenic spot on that side nearby the freeway 101, which is not a commercialized place. Sausalito, the small town itself, is also charming and peaceful. Other examples of my favorite places are Twin Peaks, Nob Hill, Little Russia (those are in San Francisco), downtown Berkeley, Point Richmond, Alameda Beach, etc. I live in Alameda, and I go to a fitness club nearby my house every night. I like Lincoln University, too. Here I have made a lot of friends from all over the world.
On the other hand, I have gone through several scenes since I came here, which made me rather uncomfortable. For instance, a lot of miserable people are begging money on the street in every city’s downtown throughout the U.S. I have experienced to see those people in this area only, but many friends told me that this kind of people can be seen in every big and mid-sized city in the U.S. I am wondering why they do not try to find jobs. They should know that their situations and conditions are much better than foreign students here. Many students with F-1 visa are making every effort to get jobs. I know a number of Lincoln students who have been looking for jobs, attending job fairs, sending a lot of resumes to companies, getting interviews, as well as getting kind assistance by the university’s Student Services Office. The office has provided those students with several workshops and a job-fair trip in this semester. But they told me that it is still very hard to get a job even just for internship training. The main problem is that American companies do not want to hire such short-period workers in the recent economic recession. In addition, if companies are going to hire those foreign students for long time, they need to change the visa status, and many companies are reluctant to take troubles to process it for them. On the contrary, those people soliciting money on the street are mostly U.S. citizens. Compared with foreign students, those people’s actual situations are not miserable if they seriously look for jobs. Even if they would earn less than 20,000 dollars per year by their work, why do they have to beg just a dollar or even a quarter to unknown pedestrians on the street everyday and every night? Many books are telling us that “independence” is a primary virtue of the U.S. What a huge gap it is between the great virtue and the real U.S. society!
Finally, I would like to talk about my plan after getting the Master of Business Administration degree from Lincoln University. I have a plan to get a job at the government of Azerbaijan so that I could return a lot of things I am getting and learning here to the people in my country. I would feel happy in contributing to people’s welfare rather than getting huge amount of money. We can spend (or waste) a lot of money very easily, but the mental satisfaction in contributing to a society’s improvement will not be easily removed from my memory if I keep my faith.

HUMANITIES

Humbat Jafarov (ID: 5172)
ENG 82B
Written Communication
Dr. Sylvia Y. Schoemaker Rippel
December 2, 2008

Humanities

According to Wikipedia, the humanities are academic disciplines which study the human condition, using methods that are primarily analytic, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural and social sciences.
Examples of the disciplines related to humanities are ancient and modern languages, literature, history, philosophy, religion, visual and performance arts (including music).
Art is the process or product of deliberately and creatively elements in a way that appeals to the senses or emotions. In its narrow sense, the word art most often refers specifically to the visual arts, including media such as painting, sculpture, and printmaking. However, “the arts” may also encompass a diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression, including music and literature. Aesthetics is the branch of philosophy which studies art.
Traditionally, the term art was used to refer to any skill or mastery. This conception changed during the Romantic period, when art came to be seen as “a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science”. Generally, art is a human activity, made with the intention of stimulating thoughts and emotions. Beyond this description, there is no general agreed-upon definition of art.
Music is an art form in which the medium is sound organized in time. Common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture. The word derives from Greek μουσική (mousike), “(art) of the Muses”.
Literature is the art of written works. Literally translated, the word means “acquaintance with letters” (from Latin littera letter). In Western culture the most basic written literary types include fiction and non-fiction.